At the commencement of the working process, the supporting wire ropes are used to hoist the grab to an appropriate position. These supporting wire ropes play a crucial role in ensuring that the grab is properly positioned above the area where the material handling operation is to take place. Once the grab is in the desired location, the opening and closing wire ropes come into action.
The opening wire rope is then let down. At this moment, due to the self-weight of the lower crossbeam, the bucket part of the grab is forced to open with the large shaft of the lower crossbeam as the center. This opening action is a key step in preparing the grab to receive the loose materials. As the bucket continues to open, it reaches a point where the bumping blocks on the two ear plates collide with each other. This indicates that the bucket has been opened to its maximum extent, allowing for the maximum possible area to capture the loose and piled-up materials.
During this opening process, it’s important to note that the distance between the pulleys on the upper crossbeam and those on the lower crossbeam increases. This change in the distance between the pulleys is a significant aspect of the grab’s mechanical operation and is related to the subsequent steps of material grabbing and handling.
II. Lowering the Open Grab onto the Materials
After the grab has been successfully opened to its fullest extent, the next step is to lower it onto the loose piled-up materials that need to be grasped. За да се постигне това, the supporting wire ropes are gradually let down. As they are lowered, the already opened grab is carefully positioned to rest on top of the loose materials. This step requires precision to ensure that the grab is placed in an optimal position to capture as much of the material as possible.
The proper placement of the open grab on the materials is crucial for an efficient material handling operation. If the grab is not accurately positioned, it may not be able to pick up the desired amount of material, leading to inefficiencies in the overall process. For example, if the grab is placed too far to one side of the pile, it might only capture a small portion of the materials, requiring multiple attempts to complete the loading task.
III. Grabbing the Materials
Once the open grab is correctly positioned on the loose piled-up materials, the process of actually grabbing the materials begins. This is accomplished by reeling in the opening and closing wire ropes. As the opening and closing wire ropes are wound up, the distance between the pulleys on the upper crossbeam and those on the lower crossbeam is gradually restored to its original position.
This restoration of the pulley distance causes the bucket of the grab to close. The mechanical design of the grab is such that as the pulley distance returns to normal, the various components of the bucket come together, enclosing the materials within the bucket. The closing action is carefully coordinated to ensure that the materials are firmly held within the bucket without any spillage.
During this grabbing process, the shape and structure of the multi-petal grab play an important role. The multiple petals of the grab are designed to conform to the shape of the pile of materials and close tightly around them. This design allows for a more effective capture of loose materials compared to a single-piece bucket design. For instance, in handling granular materials like sand or gravel, the multi-petal grab can adapt better to the irregular shape of the pile and scoop up the materials more evenly.
IV. Lifting and Transporting the Loaded Grab
After the materials have been successfully grabbed and the bucket of the grab is fully closed, the next step is to lift the entire grab along with the loaded materials. This is done by hoisting the opening and closing wire ropes. As the opening and closing wire ropes are lifted, the entire grab, now filled with materials, is raised off the ground.
Once the grab is lifted, it can be transported to the desired unloading location using theкран‘s traveling mechanism. Theкранmoves the grab along its rails or other means of travel to the specific area where the materials are to be unloaded. During this transportation process, the stability of the loaded grab is of utmost importance. The grab must be carefully balanced to prevent any swinging or tilting that could potentially cause the materials to spill or endanger the surrounding area.
V. Unloading the Materials
When the loaded grab has been transported to the required unloading site, the final step is to unload the materials. This is achieved by once again operating the opening wire rope. By letting down the opening wire rope, the bucket of the grab is opened, allowing the materials to be released from the bucket.
The unloading process needs to be carefully controlled to ensure that the materials are discharged in the desired location and manner. For example, if the materials are being unloaded onto a conveyor belt, the opening of the grab should be timed and coordinated to match the speed and position of the conveyor belt to ensure a smooth transfer of materials. If the unloading is onto a stockpile, the grab should be opened in a way that spreads the materials evenly to avoid creating an uneven pile.
В заключение, the working principle of theкранmulti-petal grab involves a series of coordinated steps from initially opening the grab, lowering it onto the materials, grabbing the materials, lifting and transporting the loaded grab, and finally unloading the materials. Each step is crucial for an efficient and effective material handling operation, and the proper functioning of the grab depends on the precise operation of its various components such as the wire ropes, crossbeams, pulleys, and the bucket structure itself. Through these steps, the multi-petal grab is able to handle loose piled-up materials with relative ease and efficiency, making it an important tool in many material handling applications within the realm of crane operations.
