The hydraulic system of a truck-mounted crane holds significant importance. The functionality of the crane of a truck-mounted crane is intricately linked to the performance of the hydraulic system, particularly the quality of the hydraulic oil. Inferior-quality hydraulic oil can have a profound negative impact on the crane’s overall performance. Let’s delve into the maintenance aspects of the hydraulic system in detail below.
First and foremost is the matter of hydraulic oil replacement. In cases where the hydraulic oil deteriorates, its replacement becomes necessary. It is essential for us to acquire the knowledge and skill to carry out this task proficiently.
Before initiating the process of replacing the hydraulic oil, it is crucial to ensure that the crane is in a fully retracted state. All the hydraulic oil should be drained from the hydraulic tank through the bottom of the tank and collected in a large recycling container. Throughout this procedure, utmost care must be taken to prevent any environmental contamination. The proper disposal and management of the used oil are not only environmentally responsible but also in line with good operational practices.
Once the hydraulic oil has been drained completely, the return pipe should be removed. A chemical cleaner with a solid particle contaminant level not exceeding 21/17/13 should be employed to meticulously clean the tank and the oil filter. After the cleaning process, allow sufficient time for them to dry thoroughly.
Subsequently, introduce new oil of the same brand into the system. Start the engine and operate it at a low speed to activate the oil pump. At this point, manipulate each mechanism separately to facilitate the expulsion of the old oil within the system circuit one by one, replacing it with the new hydraulic oil. It is important to note that the expelled old oil must be directed into the hydraulic tank for proper collection and disposal. Continue this process until fresh oil starts flowing out of the return pipe, at which point the rotation of the oil pump should be halted.
Finally, reconnect the return pipe to the tank. Subsequently, position each component in its initial working state and replenish the hydraulic oil in the tank up to the specified liquid level. This ensures that the system is adequately filled and ready for operation.
The hydraulic pipeline constitutes another critical element that demands inspection:
The hydraulic pipeline serves as the conduit for the hydraulic oil, formed by a combination of hard pipes and hoses. A meticulous examination should be conducted to verify the integrity of the seals of each connecting pipe fitting, ensuring the absence of any leakage. It is worth noting that hoses are particularly susceptible to the effects of sunlight exposure. Prolonged exposure can lead to accelerated aging, which significantly shortens the service life of the hose. Moreover, the cracks that develop as a result of aging compromise the pressure resistance of the hose, increasing the risk of rupture or explosion.
The hydraulic valve is yet another key component requiring focused maintenance:
The hydraulic valve governs the fluid pressure, direction, and flow within the hydraulic system, thereby exerting control over all the functions of the entire hydraulic system. This includes regulating the working pressure of the system, the action sequence of the actuators, the movement speed and direction of the working components, as well as the conversion frequency, output force, and torque. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and proper operation of the system. During regular inspection and maintenance intervals, attention should be paid to the tightness of the bolts, the presence of any oil leakage, the condition of the sealing ring (checking for damage or wear), and other related aspects. In cases where replacement is necessary, it is imperative to release any remaining pressure within the system to prevent potential hazards and ensure a smooth and safe maintenance process.
The hydraulic cylinder is also an important component that demands maintenance:
The hydraulic cylinder of thetruck-mounted crane is a vital element that enables the interconnected structural components to achieve a defined range of motion. Regular checks should be carried out to determine if the surface of the cylinder is marred by scratches or oil stains. Each connection part of the cylinder should be inspected for integrity, and it should be verified whether the cylinder exhibits any abnormal automatic retraction or extension during its movement. The exposed portion of the cylinder rod can be protected by applying a coating of grease.
The hydraulic system of the truck-mounted crane is of paramount importance for the overall performance and functionality of the vehicle. It is essential for operators and maintenance personnel to undertake its careful upkeep on a regular basis. By adhering to proper maintenance procedures and schedules, potential issues can be identified and addressed promptly, prolonging the lifespan and optimizing the performance of the hydraulic system and the truck-mounted crane as a whole.
In conclusion, the maintenance of the hydraulic system of a truck-mounted crane is a meticulous and crucial task that requires a comprehensive understanding of its components, operational principles, and maintenance requirements. By giving due attention and care to this aspect, the reliability, safety, and efficiency of the crane can be significantly enhanced, ensuring its optimal performance in various lifting and transportation operations.
